TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOWER ZONING ORDINANCE

1. Definitions. As used in this Ordinance, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:

a. Alternative tower structure shall mean clock towers, sculptures, bell steeples, light poles and similar alternative-design mounting structures that conceal the presence of antennas or towers and are architecturally compatible with the area.

b. Pre-existing towers and antennas shall mean any tower or antenna on which a permit has been properly issued prior to the effective date of this Ordinance.

c. Telecommunications Tower shall mean any structure that is designed and constructed primarily for the purpose of supporting one or more antennas, including self-supporting lattice towers, guy towers or monopole towers. The term includes radio and television transmission towers, personal communications service towers (PCS), microwave towers, common-carrier towers, cellular telephone towers, alternative tower structures, and the like. This definition does not include any structure erected solely for a residential, non-commercial individual use, such as television antennas, satellite dishes or amateur radio antennas.

2. General Guidelines and Requirements.

a. Purpose; Goals. The purpose of this Ordinance is to establish general guidelines for the siting of towers and antennas. The goals of this Ordinance are to: (I) encourage the location of towers in non-residential/non-historical areas and minimize the total number of towers throughout the community, (ii) enhance the ability of the providers of telecommunications services to provide such services to the community quickly, effectively and efficiently; (iii) encourage strongly the joint use of new and existing tower sites, (iv) encourage users of towers and antennas to locate them, to the extent possible, in areas where the adverse impact on the community is minimal, and (v) encourage users of towers and antennas to configure them in a way that minimizes the adverse visual impact of the towers and antennas.

b. Principal or Accessory Use. Antennas and towers may be considered either principal or accessory uses on an industrial or commercial zoned lot. A different existing use or an existing structure on the same lot shall not preclude the installation of an antenna or tower on such lot. For purposes of determining whether the installation of a tower or antenna complies with district development regulations, including, but not limited to, setback requirements, lot size and coverage requirements, and other such requirements, the dimensions of the entire lot shall control, even though the antennas or towers may be located on leased parcels within such lots. Towers that are constructed, and antennas that are installed, in accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance shall not be deemed to constitute the expansion of a nonconforming use or structure.

c. Inventory of Existing Sites. Each applicant for approval of an antenna and or a tower shall provide to the Zoning Administrator an inventory of its existing antennas and towers that are either within the Hickory Regional Planning area or within one-half mile of the border thereof, including specific information about the location, height and design of each tower or antenna. Applicants are encouraged to submit an inventory of potential future tower sites within the Hickory Regional Planning Area. The Zoning Administrator may share such information with other applicants applying for administrative approvals or special use permits under this Ordinance or other organizations seeking to locate towers or antennas within the jurisdiction of the governing authority; provided, however, that the Zoning Administrator is not, by sharing such information, in any way representing or warranting that such sites are available or suitable.

3. Administrative Approvals.

a. Specific Administratively Approved Uses. The following uses may be approved by the Zoning Administrator after conducting an administrative review:

(1) Installing an antenna on an existing structure other than a tower (such as a building, sign, light pole, water tower, or other free-standing, non-residential structure) that is more than fifty (50) feet in height, so long as such addition does not add more than twenty (20) feet to the height of the existing structure;

(2) Installing an antenna on an existing non-residential structure other than a tower (such as a building sign, light pole, water tower, utility pole or other free-standing, non-residential structure) in any commercial or industrial district that is less than fifty (50) feet in height so long as such addition does not add more than twenty (20) feet to the height of the existing structure;.

(3) Installing an antenna on an existing tower of any height, including a pre-existing tower and further including the placement of additional buildings or other supporting equipment used in connection with said antenna, so long as the addition of said antenna adds no more than twenty (20) feet to the height of said existing tower;

(4) Locating any alternative tower structure in a zoning district other than industrial or commercial, that in the judgment of the Zoning Administrator, is in conformity with the goals set forth in Section 2.a. of this Ordinance and Section 6.2 of the Zoning Ordinance;

{Section 6.2 of the Zoning Ordinance allows certain features such as steeples, water towers, flagpoles, monuments, belfries and the like to exceed district height limits subject to a finding that they do not create hazards to aviation, property or persons.}

(5) Locating a tower or antenna, including the placement of additional buildings or other supporting equipment used in connection with said tower or antenna, in any industrial or commercial zoning district; provided, however, that such tower shall be set back from any existing off-site residence or previously platted residential lot lines a distance equal to the height of the tower. Engineering certification shall be submitted that states the structure's construction will cause the tower to crumble inward so that in the event of collapse no damage to structures on adjacent zoning lots will result. The following standards of Section 4 of this Ordinance shall be used in deciding applications for approval of new towers in commercial or industrial districts: subsections a, b, c, d, e, g, i, j, k and m.

(6) Replacing an existing tower which adds no more than 20 feet to the overall

height of the existing structure.

b. Any additional buildings or equipment shall be screened in accordance with

Sections 7.12 and 7.14 of the Zoning Ordinance.

{These sections contain buffering and screening rules.}

4. Telecommunications Towers Special Use Criteria

Communication companies are encouraged to locate telecommunication antennae on or in structures other than a tower. Such structures may include church steeples, transmission line towers, utility/light poles, water towers, etc. Where such facilities are not available, co-location of facilities is encouraged.

When a new tower is proposed to be sited, a determination of whether the location will provide a minimal level of coverage vs. optimal coverage shall be taken into consideration. The following standards shall be used in the approval of the siting of new towers:

a. Evidence that the applicant has investigated the possibilities for locating the proposed facilities on an existing tower, the use of stealth technology or location in another district where the tower would be permitted as and administratively approved use where a minimal level of coverage can be provided. Such evidence shall consist of:

(1) Copies of letters sent to owners of all existing towers within a one-mile radius of the proposed site, requesting the following information:

i) tower height;

ii) existing and planned tower users;

iii) whether the existing tower could accommodate the proposed antenna without causing instability or radio frequency interference; and

iv) if the proposed antenna cannot be accommodated on the existing tower, an assessment of whether the existing tower could be structurally strengthened or whether the antenna's transmitters and related equipment could be protected from electromagnetic interference, and a general description of the means and projected cost of shared use of the existing tower.

(2) A copy of all responses within 30 days from the mailing date of the letter required by subsection 4a(i); and

(3) A summary explanation of why the applicant believes the proposed facility cannot be located on an existing tower.

(4) A summary explanation of why the applicant believes that the use of an alternative tower structure is not possible.

  1. Provision of sound engineering evidence demonstrating that location in the

proposed district is necessary in the interest of public safety or is a practical necessity.

b. Evidence that the communications tower is structurally designed to support at least one additional user, and the special use application includes a statement that the owner of the tower is willing to permit other user(s) to attach communication facilities, on a commercially reasonable basis, which do not interfere with the primary purpose of the tower. The tower owner may require that such other users agree to negotiate regarding reasonable compensation to the owner from any liability which may result from such attachment. The site plan shall indicate a location for at least one equipment building in addition to that proposed for use by the applicant. Priority for co-location on the proposed tower shall be given to antennas that will serve a public safety need for the community.

c. Buffering and screening of the site shall be installed in accordance with Section 7.12 and 7.14 of the Zoning Ordinance. In order to provide spatial separation and create visual block from adjacent properties and streets, a buffer shall be installed around the outside of all improvements on the site, including the tower and guy anchors, any ground buildings or equipment, and security fencing. Ground buildings located in a residential district may be located outside the buffered area if they are constructed so the exterior appearance of the building has the appearance of a residential dwelling, including pitched roof and frame or brick veneer construction. The tower's guy anchors may be screened or fenced separately in order to comply with the requirements of this subsection.

d. The base of the tower and each guy anchor shall be surrounded by a security fence or wall at least eight (8) feet in height unless the tower and all guy anchors are mounted entirely on a building over eight feet in height. The tower's guy anchors may be screened or fenced separately in order to comply with the requirements of this subsection.

e. No outside storage shall be allowed on any telecommunication facility site.

f. Associated buildings located in any residential district shall not be used as an employment center for any worker. This provision does not prohibit the periodic maintenance or periodic monitoring of equipment and instruments.

g. The telecommunications tower shall meet all applicable Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) standards and shall not restrict or interfere with air traffic or air travel from or to any existing or proposed airport. Any lighting shall not project onto surrounding residential property.

h. The minimum lot size requirement shall be in accordance with Figure 5-2: Schedule of Area, Height, Bulk and Placement Regulations based upon the zoning district where the tower is proposed to be located or the setback requirements of subsection (l), whichever is greater.

i. The color of the tower shall be neutral, except to the extend required by Federal law, so as to minimize its visual impact.

j. In order to protect the public from unnecessary exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the tower owner shall provide documentation, such as a signed affidavit, indicating that the power density levels do not exceed levels permitted by the FCC.

k. No commercial advertising shall be allowed on the tower or its related facilities.

l. Setback of the base of the tower from all adjacent property lines shall be one foot for each foot in height. To encourage shared use of towers, applications for towers which will operate with more than one user immediately upon completion may have a 10% reduction in the required setbacks, but in no case shall the setback be less than those required for the underlying zoning district. Also, to encourage the construction of monopole structures, monopole towers may have a 20% reduction in the required setbacks. To encourage location of towers in forested areas with a minimum depth of sixty-five (65) feet, the tower may have a 20% reduction in the required setbacks. In no case shall the setback be less than those required for the underlying zoning district Said setback reductions shall only be allowed upon a professional engineering certification which states that the structure's construction will cause the tower to crumble inward so that in the event of collapse no damage to structures on adjacent zoning lots will result.

m. Notice shall be provided to the Zoning Administrator when the tower is placed out of service. Towers which are not used for a period of six (6) months or more shall be removed by the owner within 120 days of receipt of notification to that effect.